COVID-19: A Global Pandemic and Its Impact Introduction COVID-19, caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, emerged in late 2019 in Wuhan, China. What began as a localized outbreak soon escalated into a global pandemic, leading to unprecedented disruptions across health systems, economies, education, and daily life. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a global pandemic on March 11, 2020. What is COVID-19? COVID-19 is a respiratory illness transmitted primarily through droplets from an infected person’s cough, sneeze, or speech. The virus affects the lungs and airways and can range from mild symptoms to severe illness or death. Common symptoms include: Fever Dry cough Fatigue Loss of taste or smell Difficulty breathing in severe cases High-risk groups include the elderly and those with underlying health conditions like diabetes, heart disease, and respiratory illnesses. Global Response and Measures Governments around the world implemen...
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